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Melatonin
Melatonin is a natural hormone that our brains produce by the pineal gland. Stimulated by the darkness, melatonin levels increase prior to going to bed at night. Melatonin levels are prominent for approximately 12 hours, 9 p.m. until 9 a.m. and are almost non-existent during the daytime hours.
Melatonin supplements can be purchased that are made from two sources: the synthetic (man-made) version or natural melatonin.
Consumers should be aware that natural melatonin is produced by using the melatonin from the pineal gland of animals. Doctors are concerned that this form can become contaminated with viruses and recommend against using natural melatonin supplements.
Supplements made from synthetic melatonin are used to help sleep disorders as well as a variety of other ailments. Melatonin supplements tested on individuals have shown that the supplement can reduce the affects of jet lag, aid with insomnia and several other sleep disorders.
Experts warn consumers to be cautious when using melatonin supplements. Melatonin is the only hormone available in the U.S. that is available without a prescription because melatonin can be found naturally in certain foods. Because of this, synthetic melatonin is allowed to be sold as a dietary supplement without being controlled by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Without regulation, the accuracy of dosages listed on packaging can be incorrect. Several commercial melatonin supplements tested have shown that the recommended dosages can raise melatonin levels in the body much higher than your body would normally produce during a sleep cycle. Side effects and health warnings are normally not listed on melatonin supplements.
Some common side effects associated with synthetic melatonin include depression, fatigue, dizziness, irritability and disorientation, among others. The important factor in using melatonin supplements is to use the product during a normal sleep cycle. Using the supplement when your body is not ready to rest can cause some of these symptoms along with sleepwalking and nightmares. Driving and the use of heavy machinery are not recommended after taking a melatonin supplement.
Other claims that manufacturers have made about melatonin supplements include reducing the signs of aging, aiding with urinary disorders, seizures, and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Studies are inconclusive if melatonin supplements can help with any of these disorders however research is ongoing.
Because research is still lacking of the use of synthetic melatonin, individuals should speak to their doctor before taking the supplement especially if you are on other medications. The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) recommends that if you are experiencing problems with your sleep cycle, you should consult your health care provider before taking over-the-counter medications or supplements such as synthetic melatonin.